Illustrated Sourcebook Of Mechanical Components Manual – PDF DOWNLOAD

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Illustrated Sourcebook Of Mechanical Components Manual – PDF DOWNLOAD

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Illustrated Sourcebook Of Mechanical Components Manual – PDF DOWNLOAD

Language : English
Pages : 1025
Downloadable : Yes
File Type : PDF
Size: 79 MB

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Illustrated Sourcebook Of Mechanical Components Manual – PDF DOWNLOAD

Design of Bevel Gears:

T IME was when the gear designer could rely on rule of thumb, conservative factors of safety, backglances at previous designs. Today he must often design for specific load capacity and life. Fortunately, though design goals are higher, the approach can be simpler.

• With the charts given here you can go directly to the proper range of gear sizes; with the rating formulas you can pinpoint the best gear rapidly. The data are based on two key factors, surface durability (pitting resistance) and strength (resistance to tooth breakage).
• Included are recommendations for diametral pitches, number of teeth, face widths, spiral angles, tooth proportions, mounting design, and gear lubrication-and a completely worked-out design problem. A previous article (see Editor’s Note, p 80) compares in detail the various types of bevel gears.

TABLE OF CONTENTS:

Illustrated Sourcebook Of Mechanical Components Manual – PDF DOWNLOAD

# Illustrated Sourcebook Of Mechanical Components 1
86174_01 2
Table of Contents 0
Power Transmission 2
Section 1 Gears & Gearing 2
Design of Bevel Gears 3
Worksheet Streamlines Bevel-Gear Calculations 15
Special Angle Table Simplifies Helical Gear Design 17
Form Cutters for Helical Gears 21
Planetary Gear Systems 23
Checklist for Planetary-Gear Sets 31
Cardan-Gear Mechanisms 33
Geneva Wheel Design 35
Modified Geneva Drives and Special Mechanisms 37
Epicyclic Gear Trains 39
Cycloid Gear Mechanisms 41
Limit-Switch Backlash 48
4 Ways to Eliminate Backlash 49
4 More Ways to Prevent Backlash 51
1 -Way Output from Speed Reducers 53
6 Ways to Prevent Overloading 55
Torque-Limiters Project Light-Duty Drives 57
86174_02 59
Table of Contents 0
Section 2 Chains, Sprockets & Ratchets 59
History of Chains 60
Ingenious Jobs for Roller Chain 62
Bead Chains for Light Service 66
Types of Trolley Convey or Chain Links and Joints 68
Method for Reducing Pulsations in Chain Drives 70
Pave the Way for Better Chain Drives 72
Lubrication of Roller Chains 73
One-Way Drive Chain Solves Problem of Sprocket Skip 75
Chain Hoist for Dam’s Radial Arm Gate 76
Portable Chain Hoist for Motors 77
Design of Precision Sprockets 78
Sheet Metal Gears, Sprockets, Worms & Ratchets 81
Ratchet Layout Analyzed 83
No Teeth Ratchets 85
86174_03 87
Table of Contents 0
Section 3 Belts & Belting 87
Unique Belt Applications 88
Leather Belts-Hp Loss and Speed 97
Find the Length of Open and Closed Belts 98
Ten Types of Belt Drives 100
Mechanisms for Adjusting Tension of Belt Drives 102
Equations for Computing Creep in Belt Drives 104
Typical Feeders, Take-ups, Drives and Idlers for Belt Conveyors 108
86174_04 110
Table of Contents 0
Section 4 Shafts & Couplings 110
Overview of Shaft & Couplings 111
Beams & Stepped Shafts 117
Shafts: 5 Steps Find Strength & Defection 122
Shaft Torque: Charts Find Equivalent Sections 124
Critical Speeds of End Supported Bare Shafts 126
Torsional Strength of Shafts 127
Bearing Loads on Geared Shafts 129
7 Ways to Limit Shaft Rotation 131
Friction for Damping 133
15 Ways to Fasten Gears to Shafts 138
14 Ways to Fasten Hubs to Shafts 143
Attaching Hubless Gears to Shafts 145
10 Different Types of Splined Connections 147
Typical Methods of Coupling Rotating Shafts I 149
Typical Methods of Coupling Rotating Shafts II 151
Typical Designs of Flexible Couplings I 153
Typical Designs of Flexible Couplings II 155
Typical Designs of Flexible Couplings III 157
Low Cost Methods of Coupling Small Diameter Shafts 159
Coupling of Parallel Shafts 161
Novel Linkage for Coupling Offset Shafts 163
Torque of Slip Couplings 165
High-Speed Power Couplings 167
Novel Coupling Shifts Shafts 179
86174_05 180
Table of Contents 0
Section 5 Clutches 180
Basic Types of Mechanical Clutches 181
Construction Details of Over-Riding Clutches 183
Low-Cost Designs for Overrunning Clutches 185
10 Ways to Apply Overrunning Clutches 187
6 Ways to Prevent Overloading 189
7 More Ways to Prevent Overloading 191
Centrifugal Clutches 193
Small Mechanical Clutches for Precise Service 197
Serrated Clutches and Detents 199
Spring Bands Grip to Drive Overrunning Clutch 201
Accurate Solution for Disk-Clutch Torque Capacity 202
86174_06 203
Table of Contents 0
Connections 203
Section 6 Seals & Packings 203
Rubber Seals for Oil Retention 204
Non-Rubbing Seals for Oil Retention 206
How to Seal Air Ducts that Separate 208
More Seals for Ducting that Separate 210
Window Awning Unit Sealing 212
Window Casement Unit Seals 213
Multiple Seals & Bonding for Dam Retrofitting 214
86174_07 215
Table of Contents 0
Section 7 Tube & Pipe Connections 215
How to Connect Tubing-Cross and Tee Joints 216
Different Mechanical Methods for Attaching Tubing 218
Design Hints for Pipe Connections 220
Multiple Piping Arrangements in a Wastewater Treatment Facility 221
Pumphouse Piping System for Fire Protection Facility 222
86174_08 224
Table of Contents 0
Section 8 Bushings & Bearings 224
Seven Creative Ideas for Flanged Rubber Bushings 225
Go Creative with Flanged Bushings 227
How to Calculate Stress in Press-Fit Bushings 230
When Expandable Bushings are the Answer 232
Sleeve Bearing Alignment 236
Getting Better Performance from Instrument Bearings 237
Which Bearing and Why? 240
Formula Found for Predicting the Reliable Life of Bearings 246
Rotary-Linear Bearing 247
86174_09 248
Table of Contents 0
Section 9 Locking & Clamping 248
Various Methods of Locking Threaded Members 249
Locking-Type Indexing Fingers 251
Retaining & Locking Detents 255
Snap Fasteners for Polyethylene 257
Snap Fasteners for Polystyrene 259
Snap-in Access Panels 261
20 Tamper-Proof Fasteners 263
8 Detents for Clevis Mountings 265
4 Locking Fastener Designs 267
8 Control Mountings 269
Control-Locks Thwart Vibration & Shock 271
Low-Cost Latches 273
Hinged Lids That Separate 277
8 Stops for Panel Doors 281
Panel-Stops Leave Hands Free 283
Better Looking Sheetmetal Joints 285
8 Interlocking Sheetmetal Fasteners 287
Lanced Metal Eliminates Separate Fasteners 289
Lanced Sheetmetal Parts 291
Joining Circular Parts without Fasteners 293
Joining Sheetmetal Parts without Fasteners 295
Fastening Sheetmetal Parts by Tongues, Snaps or Clinching 297
Retainers for Circuit Boards 299
Handles for Printed Circuits 307
Friction Clamping Devices 311
Clamping Devices for Aligning Adjustable Parts 313
How Spring Clamps Hold Workpieces 315
86174_10 317
Table of Contents 0
Section 10 Wire & Cable 317
Wire Locks and Snap Rings for Fasteners 318
Applications of Helical Wire Inserts 320
Types of Wire Ties for Reinforcing Bars 322
Wire Rope Designs 323
For Cable Drives-These Design Hints 324
Cables Anchor Timber Bridge Abutment 326
Aerial Cable Installation 327
Cable Replaces Piston Rod 328
86174_11 329
Table of Contents 0
Single Components 329
Section 11 Washers 329
Ideas for Flat Washers 330
Versatile Flat Washers 332
Jobs for Flat Rubber Washers 334
Take Another Look at Serrated Washers 336
Dished Washers Get Busy 338
Design Problems Solved with Belleville Spring Washers 340
How to Increase Energy of Belleville Spring Washers 342
SEM Applications 351
Creative Ideas for Cupped Washers 352
86174_12 354
Table of Contents 0
Section 12 Retaining Rings 354
Comparisons of Retaining Rings Verses Typical Fasteners 355
Retaining Rings Aid Assembly, I 357
Retaining Rings Aid Assembly, II 359
Coupling Shafts with Retaining Rings 361
The Versatile Retaining Ring 365
The Multiple-Purpose Retaining Ring 369
More Work for Round Retaining Rings 371
Energy Absorber Squeezes Rings to Cushion Shocks 373
Defection of Perpendicularly Loaded Split Circular Rings 375
Improve Design with Retaining Rings 377
86174_13 378
Table of Contents 0
Section 13 O-Rings 378
8 Unusual Applications for O-Rings 379
16 Unusual Applications for the O-Ring 381
Look at O-Rings Differently 383
O-Rings Solve Design Problems I 385
O-Rings Solve Design Problems II 387
7 More Applications for O-Rings 389
Design Recommendations for O-Ring Seals 391
O-Ring Seals for Pump Valves 393
86174_14 395
Table of Contents 0
Section 14 Grommets, Spacers & Inserts 395
A Fresh Look at Rubber Grommets 396
These Spacers are Adjustable 398
Odd Jobs for Mushroom Bumpers 400
Metal Inserts for Plastic Parts 402
How to Select Threaded Inserts 404
Flanged Inserts Stabilize Multi-Stroke Reloading Press 407
86174_15 408
Table of Contents 0
Section 15 Balls 408
12 Ways to put Balls to Work 409
How Soft Balls Can Simplify Design 411
Rubber Balls Find Many Jobs 413
Multiple Use of Balls in Milk Transfer System 415
Use of Balls in Reloading Press 417
Nine Types of Ball Slides for Linear Motion 419
Unusual Applications of Miniature Bearings 421
Roller Contact Bearing Mounting Units 423
Eleven Ways to Oil Lubricate Ball Bearings 425
Ball-Bearing Screw Life 427
Stress on a Bearing Ball 434
Compute Effects of Preloaded Bearings 436
Compact Ball Transfer Units 446
86174_16 447
Table of Contents 0
Section 16 Springs 447
12 Ways to Put Springs to Work 448
29 Ways to Fasten Springs 450
Control depth Primer Tool Employs Coil Springs 454
Multiple Uses of Coil Springs 456
Compression Spring Adjusting Methods I 458
Compression Spring Adjusting Methods II 460
Adiustable Extension Springs 462
One Spring Returns the Hand lever 464
6 More One Spring Lever Return Designs 466
Springs: How to Design for Variable Rate 468
How to Stiffen Bellows with Springs 470
Flat Springs in Mechanisms 472
Flat Springs Find More Work 474
12 Detents for Mechanical Movement 476
17 Ways of Testing Springs 478
Overriding Spring Mechanisms for Low-Torque Drives 480
Deflect a Spring Sideways 482
Ovate Cross Sections Make Better Coil Springs 484
Unusual Uses for Helical Wire Springs 486
Optimum Helical Springs 488
Machined Helical Springs 491
Pneumatic Spring Reinforcement 493
Nonlinear Springs 494
Friction-Spring Buffers 498
New Equations Simplify Belleville Spring Design 501
New Springs Do More Jobs 504
86174_17 508
Table of Contents 0
Section 17 Pins 508
Slotted Spring Pins Find Many Jobs 509
8 Unusual Jobs for Spring Pins 511
8 More Spring Pin Applications 513
8 Electrical Jobs for Spring Pins 515
Uses of Split Pins 517
Design Around Spiral-Wrapped Pins 519
A Penny-Wise Connector – The Cotter Pin 521
Alternates for Doweled Fasteners 523
6 More Alternates for Doweled Fastenings 525
86174_18 527
Table of Contents 0
Section 18 Cams 527
Generating Cam Curves 528
Balance Grooved Cams 535
Computer and N/C Simplifies Cam Design 541
Theory of Envelopes: Cam Design Equations 544
Cams and Gears Team Up in Programmed Motion 554
Minimum Cam Size 556
Spherical Cams: Linking Up Shafts 564
Tailored Cycloid Cams 567
Modifications & Uses for Basic Types of Cams 571
86174_19 573
Table of Contents 0
Section 19 Threaded Components 573
Getting the Most From Screws 574
How to Provide for Backlash in Threaded Parts 576
7 Special Screw Arrangements 578
20 Dynamic Applications for Screw Threads 580
Preloading of Bolts 584
World of Self-Locking Screws 589
Unconvential Thread Form Holds Nut to Bolt During Severe Vibrations 594
86174_20 595
Table of Contents 0
Assemblies 595
Section 20 Fastening & Joining 595
Fastening Studs and Pins to Plates 596
16 Ways to Align Sheets and Plates with One Screw 598
For Better Grip-Longer Holes in Sheetmetal 600
Bolts Get Help Against Shear 602
10 Ways to Conceal Fasteners 604
Attaching Motors to Instrument Gearheads 606
Fastening Precision Gear-Plates 608
Bonding Sheet Metal with Adhesive 610
7 Ways to Assemble with Adhesives 612
Glass-to-Metal Joints 614
Simplifying Assemblies with Spring-Steel Fasteners 616
Spring-Steel Fastener 618
Snap Fasteners for Polyethylene Parts 621
Plastic Snap-Fit Design Interlocks 622
Fasteners that Disconnect Quickly 624
More Quick-Disconnect Linkages 626
8 Detents for Clevis Mountings 628
8 Control Mountings 630
18 Ways to Join Honeycomb Panels 632
12 Ways to Anchor Heavy Machines 636
Design Details of Blind Riveted Joints 638
86174_21 640
Table of Contents 0
Section 21 Design Hints 640
Design Hints for Mechanical Parts 641
Designing for Easier Machining 643
How to Design for Heat Treating 645
More Design Hints for Heat Treating 647
How to Design for Better Assembly 649
Designing with Ribs and Beads 651
Design Machined Parts Properly 653
Innovative Detents 654
Cleaner Lines for Control Cabinets 655
Flexure Devices for Economic Action 657
Isolating Machines from Vibration 659
Types of Mounts for Vibration Isolation 661
Printed-Circuit Guides 663
Hinges, Panels and Doors 666
Plastic Hinges 669
Pivots Do Many Jobs 671
Dimensions for Hand Grips 673
Thirteen Ways to Use Metallic Bellows 675
Frictional Supports for Adjustable Parts 677
Building Strength into Brackets 679
Adhesive Applicators for High-Speed Machines 681
7 Basic Hoppers for Parts 683
86174_22 685
Table of Contents 0
Section 22 Mechanisms 685
Machinery Mechanisms 686
Slider-Crank Mechanisms 695
Torque Factors for Slider Crank Mechanisms 703
Mechanisms for Producing Specific Types of Motions 704
Traversing Mechanisms Used on Winding Machines 706
Mechanisms for Providing Intermittent Rotary Motion 708
Intermittent Movements and Mechanisms 710
Friction Devices for Intermittent Rotary Motion 712
Basic Types of Variable Speed Friction Drives 714
Speed Control for Small Mechanisms 716
Mechanical Devices for Automatically Governing Speed 718
Accelerated and Decelerated linear Motion Elements 720
How to Prevent Reverse Rotation 722
Automatic Stopping Mechanisms for Faulty Machine Operation 726
Automatic Stop Mechanisms Protect Machine and Work 728
Mechanical Automatic Stop Mechanisms 730
Automatic Feed Mechanisms for Various Materials 732
Automatic Safety Mechanisms for Operating Machines 734
Mechanisms Actuated by Air or Hydraulic Cylinders 736
Piston-Actuated Mechanisms 738
Computing Mechanisms I 740
Computing Mechanisms II 742
Eight Paper-Feed Mechanisms 744
How to Collect and Stack Die Stampings 746
Sort, Feed or Weigh Mechanisms 748
Spring Motors & Typical Associated Mechanisms 752
6 Escapement Mechanisms 754
7 more Escapements 756
Design Hints for Mechanical Small Mechanisms 758
86174_23 760
Table of Contents 0
Section 23 Linkage 760
8 Basic Push-Pull Linkages 761
5 Linkages for Straight-Line Motion 763
10 Ways to Change Straight-Line Direction 765
9 More Ways to Change Straight-Line Direction 767
Shape of Pin-Connected Linkages 769
Seven Popular Types of Three-Dimensional Drives 771
Transmission Linkages for Multiplying Short Motions 775
Power Thrust Linkages and Their Applications 777
Toggle Linkage Applications in Different Mechanisms 779
When Linkages Need Harmonic Analysis 781
Four-Bar Linkages and Typical Industrial Applications 785
Four-Bar Power Linkages 787
5 Graphic Methods for Designing Four-Bar Linkages 793
Four-Bar Linkage Proportions 804
86174_24 809
Table of Contents 0
Section 24 Fabrication Tips 809
Design of Screw-Machine Products 810
Facing Tools for Chuckers 820
Shaving-Tool Corrections 822
Draw-Die Radius 823
Rules for Drawing Round Shells 824
Tonnage for Air Bends 826
Tonnage vs Stroke of Press Brakes 828
Tonnage Chart for Various Bend Angles 829
Press Tools for Bending 830
Wing Bending Methods 836
Spring-Back Control 838
Control of U-Shaped Bends 840
86174_25 842
Table of Contents 0
Section 25 Innovative Valving 842
Types of Valves Used in Hydraulic Transmissions 843
8 Ways to Make a Poppet Valve 845
Weirs Replace Gate Valves 847
Siphon Serves as Regulating Valve 850
Triple-Duty Valve 852
Flow Regulator Valve 854
Fuel Injection Systems-Secondary Problems 855
86174_26 857
Table of Contents 0
Section 26 Pumps 857
Pumps: Major Classes and Types 858
How Pumps Work 861
Centrifugal Pumps 862
Rotary Pumps 868
Reciprocating Pumps 869
Pump Applications 873
Pump Selection 879
Other Considerations in Choosing Pumps 881
Priming Pumps 882
Find How Much Horsepower to Pipe Liquids 883
86174_27 885
Table of Contents 0
Section 27 Creative Assemblies 885
10 Ways to Amplify Mechanical Movements 886
10 Ways to Amplify Mechanical Action 888
How to Damp Axial and Rotational Motion 890
8 Snap-Action Devices 892
Make Diaphragms Work for You 894
Control-Locks Thwart Vibration and Shock 896
Liquid Level Mechanisms, Indicators and Controllers 898
Liquid Level Indicators and Controllers 900
Hangers Put Up by Hand 902
Assemble Sheetmetal with Sheetmetal 904
Devices for Indexing or Holding Mechanical Movements 905
Slash Errors with Sensitive Balance 906
Rotary Piston Engine 907
86174_28 909
Table of Contents 0
Technical Reference 909
Section 28 Design Formulas 909
Volume and CG Equations 910
Common Area of Intersecting Circles 918
Compound Angles 920
Calculation of Dihedral Angles 923
Frustums of Cones 926
Length of Material for 90-Degree Bends 927
8 Simple Methods to Measure Moment of Inertia 928
Friction Wheel Drives Designed for Maximum Torque 930
Radii of Gyration for Rotating Bodies 932
86174_29 940
Table of Contents 0
Section 29 Structural Data 940
Stress in Preloaded Bolts 941
How to Compute Stresses in Curved Bars 946
Stresses Around Holes 951
Residual Stress Can Help Design Tool for Springs 961
Quick Calculations for Corrugation Stiffness 965
When Thin-Wall Cylinders Carry the Load 967
Thick-End Cylinders: Stress Correction Factors 969
Three Nomographs Aid in Designing Pressure Vessels 971
Pressure Vessel Design 972
A Graphic Aid for Combined Stress Problems 974
Pin and Shaft of Equal Strength 975
Design for Shock Resistance 976
K Factor for Impact Loading 980
86174_30 981
Table of Contents 0
Section 30 Nomograms 981
Nomogram for Angles in Constructed Shapes 982
Arc Length Versus Central Angle 983
Chordal Height and Length of Chord 984
Forces in Toggle Joint with Equal Arms 985
Radical Defections of Rotating Disks 986
Power Capacity of Spur Gears 987
Alignment Chart for Face Gears 990
Linear to Angular Conversion of Gear-Tooth Index Error 992
Determine Parallel Axis Moment of Inertia 993
Moment of Inertia of a Prism about the Axis aa 995
Chart for Transferring Moment of Inertia 996
Rotary Motion 997
Accelerated Linear Motion 998
Theoretical Capacity of Gear Pumps & Motors 999
Nomogram for Piston Pumps 1000
Weight and Volume 1001
Volumes of Spherical Segments 1002
Volumes in Horizontal Round Tanks with Flat Ends 1003
Another Shortcut to Torsion-Bar Design 1004
86174_fm 1005
Front Matter 1005
Copyright 1007
Dedication 1008
About the Editor 1009
Preface 1010
Table of Contents 0
86174_indx 1013
Table of Contents 0
Index 1013
A 1013
B 1013
C 1013
D 1014
E 1014
F 1014
G 1014
H 1014
I 1014
J 1014
K 1014
L 1014
M 1014
N 1014
O 1015
P 1015
Q 1015
R 1015
S 1015
T 1015
U 1016
V 1016
W 1016
X 1016
Y 1016
Z 1016
86174_intro 1017
Table of Contents 0
Introduction 1017
86174_toc 1024
Front Matter 0
Table of Contents 1024
Preface 0
Introduction 0
Power Transmission 0
Section 1 Gears & Gearing 0
Section 2 Chains, Sprockets & Ratchets 0
Section 3 Belts & Belting 0
Section 4 Shafts & Couplings 0
Section 5 Clutches 0
Connections 0
Section 6 Seals & Packings 0
Section 7 Tube & Pipe Connections 0
Section 8 Bushings & Bearings 0
Section 9 Locking & Clamping 0
Section 10 Wire & Cable 0
Single Components 0
Section 11 Washers 0
Section 12 Retaining Rings 0
Section 13 O-Rings 0
Section 14 Grommets, Spacers & Inserts 0
Section 15 Balls 0
Section 16 Springs 0
Section 17 Pins 0
Section 18 Cams 0
Section 19 Threaded Components 0
Assemblies 0
Section 20 Fastening & Joining 0
Section 21 Design Hints 0
Section 22 Mechanisms 0
Section 23 Linkage 0
Section 24 Fabrication Tips 0
Section 25 Innovative Valving 0
Section 26 Pumps 0
Section 27 Creative Assemblies 0
Technical Reference 0
Section 28 Design Formulas 0
Section 29 Structural Data 0
Section 30 Nomograms 0
Index 0

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