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KOMATSU GALEO PC450-7E0 PC450LC-7E0 HYDRAULIC EXCAVATOR SHOP MANUAL – PDF DOWNLOAD
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Description
KOMATSU GALEO PC450-7E0 PC450LC-7E0 HYDRAULIC EXCAVATOR SHOP MANUAL – PDF DOWNLOAD
FILE DETAILS:
KOMATSU GALEO PC450-7E0 PC450LC-7E0 HYDRAULIC EXCAVATOR SHOP MANUAL – PDF DOWNLOAD
Language : English
Pages : 932
Downloadable : Yes
File Type : PDF
IMAGES PREVIEW OF THE MANUAL:
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
KOMATSU GALEO PC450-7E0 PC450LC-7E0 HYDRAULIC EXCAVATOR SHOP MANUAL – PDF DOWNLOAD
00 Index and foreword............................................................................. 3 Index......................................................................................... 3 Organization list of the shop manual...................................................... 4 Table of contents......................................................................... 6 00 Index and foreword............................................................................. 15 Foreword and general information.............................................................. 15 Foreword and general information.......................................................... 16 Safety notice......................................................................... 16 How to read the shop manual........................................................... 20 Explanation of terms for maintenance standard......................................... 22 Handling electric equipment and hydraulic component................................... 24 How to read electric wire code........................................................ 32 Method of disassembling and connecting push-pull type coupler......................... 35 Standard tightening torque table...................................................... 38 Conversion table...................................................................... 42 01 Specification.................................................................................. 49 Specification and technical data.............................................................. 49 Specification and technical data.......................................................... 50 Specification dimension drawings...................................................... 50 Specifications........................................................................ 52 Weight table.......................................................................... 54 Table of fuel, coolant and lubricants................................................. 56 10 Structure, function and maintenance standard................................................... 59 Engine and cooling system..................................................................... 59 Engine and cooling system................................................................. 60 Engine related parts.................................................................. 60 Radiator, oil cooler and aftercooler.................................................. 61 10 Structure, function and maintenance standard................................................... 63 Power train................................................................................... 63 Power train............................................................................... 64 Power train........................................................................... 64 Final drive........................................................................... 66 Sprocket.............................................................................. 68 Swing machinery....................................................................... 70 Swing circle.......................................................................... 72 10 Structure, function and maintenance standard................................................... 75 Undercarriage and frame....................................................................... 75 Undercarriage and frame................................................................... 76 Track frame and recoil spring......................................................... 76 Idler................................................................................. 78 Carrier roller........................................................................ 80 Track roller.......................................................................... 81 Track shoe............................................................................ 82 10 Structure, function and maintenance standard................................................... 87 Hydraulic system, Part 1...................................................................... 87 Hydraulic system, Part 1.................................................................. 88 Hydraulic equipment layout drawing.................................................... 88 Hydraulic tank and filter............................................................. 90 Hydraulic pump........................................................................ 92 10 Structure, function and maintenance standard...................................................117 Hydraulic system, Part 2......................................................................117 Hydraulic system, Part 2..................................................................118 Control valve.........................................................................118 CLSS..................................................................................130 Functions and operation by valve......................................................134 Merge-divider valve...................................................................150 Attachment circuit selector valve.....................................................172 Holding valve.........................................................................174 10 Structure, function and maintenance standard...................................................181 Hydraulic system, Part 3......................................................................181 Hydraulic system, Part 3..................................................................182 Valve control.........................................................................182 PPC valve.............................................................................184 Solenoid valve........................................................................200 PPC accumulator.......................................................................202 Return oil filter.....................................................................203 Center swivel joint...................................................................204 Travel motor..........................................................................205 Swing motor...........................................................................217 Hydraulic cylinder....................................................................226 10 Structure, function and maintenance standard...................................................229 Work equipment................................................................................229 Work equipment............................................................................230 Work equipment........................................................................230 Dimensions of components..............................................................232 10 Structure, function and maintenance standard...................................................237 Cab and its attachments.......................................................................237 Cab and its attachments...................................................................238 Air conditioner piping................................................................238 10 Structure, function and maintenance standard...................................................241 Electrical system.............................................................................241 Electrical system.........................................................................242 Engine control........................................................................242 Electronic control system.............................................................251 Monitor system........................................................................277 Sensor................................................................................297 KOMTRAX terminal system...............................................................300 20 Standard value table...........................................................................303 Standard service value table..................................................................303 Standard service value table..............................................................304 Standard value table for chassis related parts........................................304 30 Testing and adjusting..........................................................................315 Testing and adjusting, part 1.................................................................315 Testing and adjusting, part 1.............................................................317 Tools for testing, adjusting and troubleshooting......................................317 Measuring engine speed................................................................319 Measuring air boost pressure..........................................................320 Measuring exhaust temperature.........................................................321 Measuring exhaust gas color...........................................................322 Adjusting valve clearance.............................................................323 Measuring compression pressure........................................................325 Measuring blow-by pressure............................................................327 Measuring engine oil pressure.........................................................328 Handling fuel system parts............................................................329 Releasing residual pressure from fuel system..........................................329 Measuring fuel pressure...............................................................330 Handling during cylinder cut-out operation............................................331 Handling during no injection cranking operation.......................................331 Measuring fuel return rate and leakage................................................332 Bleeding air from fuel circuit........................................................335 Checking fuel circuit for leakage.....................................................336 Checking and adjusting fan belt and alternator belt...................................337 Checking and adjusting air conditioner compressor belt tension........................338 Measuring swing circle bearing clearance..............................................339 Checking and adjusting track shoe tension.............................................340 Measuring and adjusting oil pressure in work equipment, swing, and travel circuits....341 Measuring control circuit basic pressure..............................................345 Checking and adjusting pump PC control circuit oil pressure...........................346 Checking and adjusting pump LS control circuit oil pressure...........................349 Measuring solenoid valve output pressure..............................................354 Measuring PPC valve output pressure...................................................357 Adjusting play of work equipment and swing PPC valves.................................358 Inspecting locations of hydraulic drift of work equipment.............................359 Releasing residual pressure from hydraulic circuit....................................361 Measuring oil leakage amount..........................................................362 Bleeding air from various parts.......................................................365 Diode inspection procedures...........................................................368 30 Testing and adjusting..........................................................................371 Testing and adjusting, Part 2.................................................................371 Testing and adjusting, Part 2.............................................................372 Special functions of machine monitor..................................................372 Handling voltage circuit of engine controller.........................................399 Procedure for turning on KOMTRAX terminal.............................................400 KOMTRAX terminal lamp indications.....................................................403 Preparation work for troubleshooting of electrical system.............................406 Pm clinic service.....................................................................408 Undercarriage troubleshooting report..................................................414 40 Troubleshooting................................................................................417 Information related to troubleshooting........................................................417 Information related to troubleshooting....................................................418 Points to remember when troubleshooting...............................................418 Sequence of events in troubleshooting.................................................419 Checks before troubleshooting.........................................................420 Classification and troubleshooting steps..............................................421 Connection table for connector pin numbers............................................425 T-boxes and T-adapters table..........................................................448 40 Troubleshooting................................................................................453 Troubleshooting by failure code (Display of code), Part 1.....................................453 Troubleshooting by failure code (Display of code), Part 1.................................455 Failure codes table...................................................................455 Before carrying out troubleshooting when failure code is displayed....................458 Information in troubleshooting table..................................................462 Failure code [A000N1] Eng. Hi Out of Std..............................................464 Failure code [AA10NX] Aircleaner Clogging.............................................465 Failure code [AB00KE] Charge Voltage Low..............................................466 Failure code [B@BAZG] Eng Oil Press. Low..............................................468 Failure code [B@BAZK] Eng. Oil Level Low..............................................470 Failure code [B@BCNS] Eng. Water Overheat.............................................472 Failure code [B@BCZK] Eng. Water Lvl Low..............................................474 Failure code [B@HANS] Hydr. Oil Overheat..............................................475 Failure code [CA111] ECM Critical Internal Failure....................................476 Failure code [CA115] Eng Ne and Bkup Speed Sens Error.................................478 Failure code [CA122] Chg Air Press Sensor High Error..................................480 Failure code [CA123] Chg Air Press Sensor Low Error...................................482 Failure code [CA131] Throttle Sensor High Error.......................................484 Failure code [CA132] Throttle Sensor Low Error........................................486 Failure code [CA135] Eng Oil Press Sensor High Error..................................488 Failure code [CA141] Eng Oil Press Sensor Low Error...................................490 Failure code [CA144] Coolant Temp Sens High Error.....................................492 Failure code [CA145] Coolant Temp Sens Low Error......................................494 Failure code [CA153] Chg Air Temp Sensor High Error...................................496 Failure code [CA154] Chg Air Temp Sensor Low Error....................................498 Failure code [CA187] Sens Supply 2 Volt Low Error.....................................498 Failure code [CA221] Ambient Press Sens High Error....................................500 Failure code [CA222] Ambient Press Sens Low Error.....................................502 Failure code [CA227] Sens Supply 2 Volt High Error....................................504 Failure code [CA234] Eng Overspeed....................................................506 Failure code [CA238] Ne Speed Sens Supply Volt Error..................................508 Failure code [CA263] Fuel Temp Sensor High Error......................................510 Failure code [CA265] Fuel Temp Sensor Low Error.......................................512 Failure code [CA271] IMV/PCV1 Short Error.............................................513 Failure code [CA272] IMV/PCV1 Open Error..............................................514 Failure code [CA273] PCV2 Short Error.................................................516 Failure code [CA274] PCV2 Open Error..................................................517 Failure code [CA322] Inj #1 (L#1) Open/Short Error....................................518 Failure code [CA323] Inj #5 (L#5) Open/Short Error....................................519 Failure code [CA324] Inj #3 (L#3) Open/Short Error....................................520 Failure code [CA325] Inj #6 (L#6) Open/Short Error....................................521 Failure code [CA331] Inj #2 (L#2) Open/Short Error....................................522 Failure code [CA332] Inj #4 (L#4) Open/Short Error....................................523 40 Troubleshooting................................................................................525 Troubleshooting by failure code (Display of code), Part 2.....................................525 Troubleshooting by failure code (Display of code), Part 2.................................527 Failure code [CA342] Calibration Code Incompatibility.................................527 Failure code [CA351] Injectors Drive Circuit Error....................................528 Failure code [CA352] Sens Supply 1 Volt Low Error.....................................530 Failure code [CA386] Sens Supply 1 Volt High Error....................................532 Failure code [CA441] Battery Voltage Low Error........................................534 Failure code [CA442] Battery Voltage High Error.......................................534 Failure code [CA449] Rail Press Very High Error.......................................535 Failure code [CA451] Rail Press Sensor High Error.....................................536 Failure code [CA452] Rail Press Sensor Low Error......................................538 Failure code [CA553] Rail Press High Error............................................538 Failure code [CA554] Rail Press Sensor In Range Error.................................539 Failure code [CA559] Rail Press Low Error.............................................540 Failure code [CA689] Eng Ne Speed Sensor Error........................................544 Failure code [CA731] Eng Bkup Speed Sens Phase Error..................................546 Failure code [CA757] All Persistent Data Lost Error...................................547 Failure code [CA778] Eng Bkup Speed Sensor Error......................................548 Failure code [CA1228] EGR Valve Servo Error 1.........................................550 Failure code [CA1625] EGR Valve Servo Error 2.........................................551 Failure code [CA1633] KOMNET Datalink Timeout Error...................................552 Failure code [CA2185] Throt Sens Sup Volt High Error..................................554 Failure code [CA2186] Throt Sens Sup Volt Low Error...................................556 Failure code [CA2249] Rail Press Very Low Error.......................................557 Failure code [CA2271] EGR Valve Lift Sens High Error..................................558 Failure code [CA2272] EGR Valve Lift Sens Low Error...................................560 Failure code [CA2351] EGR Valve Sol Current High Error................................562 Failure code [CA2352] EGR Valve Sol Current Low Error.................................564 Failure code [CA2555] Grid Htr Relay Volt Low Error...................................565 Failure code [CA2556] Grid Htr Relay Volt High Error..................................566 Failure code [D110KB] Battery Relay Drive S/C.........................................568 Failure code [D196KA] Service Return Relay Disc.......................................570 Failure code [D196KB] Service Return Relay S/C........................................572 Failure code [DA25KP] Press. Sensor Power Abnormality.................................574 Failure code [DA80MA] Auto. Lub. Abnormal.............................................576 40 Troubleshooting................................................................................579 Troubleshooting by failure code (Display of code), Part 3.....................................579 Troubleshooting by failure code (Display of code), Part 3.................................582 Failure code [DA2RMC] Pump Comm. Abnormality..........................................582 Failure code [DA2SKQ] Model Selection Abnormality.....................................584 Failure code [DAFRMC] Monitor Comm. Abnormality.......................................586 Failure code [DHPAMA] F Pump P. Sensor Abnormality....................................588 Failure code [DHPBMA] R Pump P. Sensor Abnormality....................................590 Failure code [DHS3MA] Arm Curl PPC Sen. Abnormality...................................592 Failure code [DHS4MA] Bucket Curl PPC Sen. Abnormality................................594 Failure code [DW43KA] Travel Speed Sol. Disc..........................................596 Failure code [DW43KB] Travel Speed Sol. S/C...........................................598 Failure code [DW45KA] Swing Brake Sol. Disc...........................................600 Failure code [DW45KB] Swing Brake Sol. S/C............................................604 Failure code [DW91KA] Travel Junction Sol. Disc.......................................606 Failure code [DW91KB] Travel Junction Sol. S/C........................................608 Failure code [DWJ0KA] Merge-divider Sol. Disc.........................................610 Failure code [DWJ0KB] Merge-Divider Sol. S/C..........................................612 Failure code [DWK0KA] 2-stage Relief Sol. Disc........................................614 Failure code [DWK0KB] 2-stage Relief Sol. S/C.........................................616 Failure code [DXA0KA] PC-EPC Sol. Disc................................................618 Failure code [DXA0KB] PC-EPC Sol. S/C.................................................620 Failure code [DXE0KA] LS-EPC Sol. Disc................................................622 Failure code [DXE0KB] LS-EPC Sol. S/C.................................................624 Failure code [DXE4KA] Service Current EPC Disc........................................626 Failure code [DXE4KB] Service Current EPC S/C.........................................627 Failure code [DY20KA] Wiper Working Abnormality.......................................628 Failure code [DY20MA] Wiper Parking Abnormality.......................................630 Failure code [DY2CKB] Washer Drive S/C................................................632 Failure code [DY2DKB] Wiper Drive (For) S/C...........................................634 Failure code [DY2EKB] Wiper Drive (Rev) S/C...........................................636 40 Troubleshooting................................................................................639 Troubleshooting of electrical system (E-mode).................................................639 Troubleshooting of electrical system (E-mode).............................................642 Before carrying out troubleshooting of electrical system..............................642 Information contained in troubleshooting table........................................644 E-1 Engine does not start.............................................................645 E-2 Auto-decelerator does not operate.................................................648 E-3 Automatic warming-up does not operate.............................................650 E-4 Preheater does not operate........................................................652 E-5 All work equipment, swing, and travel mechanism do not move.......................654 E-6 Power maximizing function does not operate........................................656 E-7 Machine monitor does not display at all...........................................657 E-8 Machine monitor does not display some items.......................................658 E-9 Contents of display by machine monitor are different from applicable machine......658 E-10 Fuel level monitor was lighted in red while engine running.......................659 E-11 Engine coolant temperature gauge does not indicate normally......................660 E-12 Hydraulic oil temperature gauge does not indicate normally.......................662 E-13 Fuel level gauge does not operate normally.......................................663 E-14 Swing lock monitor does not indicate normally....................................664 E-15 When monitor switch is operated, monitor displays nothing........................666 E-16 Windowshield wiper does not operate..............................................668 E-17 Machine push-up function does not operate normally...............................672 E-18 Monitoring function fails to display “boom RAISE” normally.......................674 E-19 Monitoring function fails to display “boom LOWER” normally.......................675 E-20 Monitoring function fails to display “arm IN”normally............................676 E-21 Monitoring function fails to display “arm OUT” normally..........................677 E-22 Monitoring function fails to display “bucket CURL”normally.......................678 E-23 Monitoring function fails to display “bucket DUMP” normally......................679 E-24 Monitoring function fails to display “swing” normally............................680 E-25 Monitoring function fails to display “travel” normally...........................682 E-26 Monitoring function fails to display “travel differential pressure” normally.....684 E-27 Monitoring function fails to display “service” normally..........................686 E-28 KOMTRAX system does not operate normally.........................................688 E-29 Air conditioner does not operate.................................................690 E-30 Travel alarm does not sound or does not stop sounding............................692 E-31 Horn does not sound..............................................................694 40 Troubleshooting................................................................................697 Troubleshooting of hydraulic and mechanical system (H-mode)...................................697 Troubleshooting of hydraulic and mechanical system (H-mode)...............................699 System chart for hydraulic and mechanical system......................................699 Information contained in troubleshooting table........................................701 H-1 All work equipment lack power, or travel and swing speeds are slow................702 H-2 Engine speed sharply drops or engine stalls.......................................704 H-3 No work equipment, swing or travel move...........................................705 H-4 Abnormal noise is heard from around hydraulic pump................................705 H-5 Auto-decelerator does not work....................................................706 H-6 Fine control mode does not function or responds slow..............................706 H-7 Boom moves slowly or lacks power..................................................707 H-8 Arm moves slowly or lacks power...................................................708 H-9 Bucket moves slowly or lacks power................................................709 H-10 Work equipment does not move in its single operation.............................709 H-11 Work equipment has a bit too fast hydraulic drift................................710 H-12 Work equipment has big time lag..................................................712 H-13 Other work equipment moves when relieving single circuit.........................712 H-14 Power max. switch does not operate...............................................712 H-15 Machine push-up function does not operate........................................713 H-16 In compound operation of work equipment, speed of part loaded more is low........714 H-17 When machine swings and raises boom simultaneously, boom rising speed is low.....714 H-18 When machine swings and travels simultaneously, travel speed lowers largely......714 H-19 Machine deviates during travel...................................................715 H-20 Travel speed is low..............................................................716 H-21 Machine is not steered well or steering power is low.............................717 H-22 Travel speed does not change or travel speed is low or high......................718 H-23 Travel system does not move (only one side)......................................719 H-24 Upper structure does not swing...................................................720 H-25 Swing acceleration or swing speed is low.........................................722 H-26 Upper structure overruns remarkably when it stops swinging.......................724 H-27 Large shock is made when upper structure stops swinging..........................725 H-28 Large sound is made when upper structure stops swinging..........................725 H-29 Hydraulic drift of swing is large................................................726 H-30 Attachment circuit is not changed................................................727 H-31 Oil flow in attachment circuit cannot be controlled..............................727 40 Troubleshooting................................................................................729 Troubleshooting of engine (S-mode)............................................................729 Troubleshooting of engine (S-mode)........................................................732 Method of using troubleshooting chart.................................................732 S-1 Starting performance is poor......................................................736 S-2 Engine does not start.............................................................738 S-3 Engine does not pick up smoothly..................................................742 S-4 Engine stops during operations....................................................743 S-5 Engine does not rotate smoothly...................................................744 S-6 Engine lacks output (or lacks power)..............................................745 S-7 Exhaust smoke is black (incomplete combustion)....................................746 S-8 Oil consumption is excessive (or exhaust smoke is blue)...........................747 S-9 Oil becomes contaminated quickly..................................................748 S-10 Fuel consumption is excessive....................................................749 S-11 Oil is in coolant (or coolant spurts back or coolant level goes down)............750 S-12 Oil pressure drops...............................................................751 S-13 Oil level rises (Entry of coolant or fuel).......................................752 S-14 Coolant temperature becomes too high (overheating)...............................754 S-15 Abnormal noise is made...........................................................755 S-16 Vibration is excessive...........................................................756 50 Disassembly and assembly.......................................................................759 General information on disassembly and assembly...............................................759 General information on disassembly and assembly...........................................760 How to read this manual...............................................................760 Coating materials list................................................................762 Special tools list....................................................................765 Sketches of special tools.............................................................769 50 Disassembly and assembly.......................................................................773 Engine and cooling system.....................................................................773 Engine and cooling system.................................................................774 Removal and installation of fuel supply pump assembly.................................774 Removal and installation of fuel injector assembly....................................778 Removal and installation of engine front seal.........................................784 Removal and installation of engine rear seal..........................................785 Removal and installation of cylinder head assembly....................................788 Removal and installation of radiator assembly.........................................797 Removal and installation of hydraulic oil cooler assembly.............................799 Removal and installation of aftercooler assembly......................................801 Removal and installation of engine and hydraulic oil pump assembly....................802 50 Disassembly and assembly.......................................................................811 Power train...................................................................................811 Power train...............................................................................812 Removal and installation of final drive assembly......................................812 Disassembly and assembly of final drive assembly......................................813 Removal and installation of swing motor and swing machinery assembly..................821 Disassembly and assembly of swing motor and swing machinery assembly..................822 Removal and installation of swing circle assembly.....................................829 50 Disassembly and assembly.......................................................................831 Undercarriage and frame.......................................................................831 Undercarriage and frame...................................................................832 Disassembly and assembly of carrier roller assembly...................................832 Disassembly and assembly of track roller assembly.....................................834 Disassembly and assembly of idler assembly............................................835 Disassembly and assembly of recoil spring assembly....................................838 Removal and installation of sprocket..................................................840 Expansion and installation of track shoe assembly.....................................841 Removal and installation of revolving frame assembly..................................843 Removal and installation of counterweight assembly....................................846 50 Disassembly and assembly.......................................................................849 Hydraulic system..............................................................................849 Hydraulic system..........................................................................850 Removal and installation of center swivel joint assembly..............................850 Disassembly and assembly of center swivel joint assembly..............................852 Removal and installation of hydraulic tank assembly...................................853 Removal and installation of control valve assembly....................................855 Disassembly and assembly of control valve assembly....................................858 Removal and installation of hydraulic pump assembly...................................862 Removal and installation of oil seal in hydraulic pump input shaft....................865 Disassembly and assembly of work equipment PPC valve assembly.........................866 Disassembly and assembly of travel PPC valve assembly.................................867 Disassembly and assembly of hydraulic cylinder assembly...............................868 50 Disassembly and assembly.......................................................................875 Work equipment................................................................................875 Work equipment............................................................................876 Removal and installation of work equipment assembly...................................876 50 Disassembly and assembly.......................................................................881 Cab and its attachments.......................................................................881 Cab and its attachments...................................................................882 Removal and installation of operator’s cab............................................882 Removal and installation of operator’s cab glass (stuck glass)........................885 Removal and installation of front window assembly.....................................895 50 Disassembly and assembly.......................................................................903 Electrical system.............................................................................903 Electrical system.........................................................................904 Removal and installation of air conditioner unit assembly.............................904 Removal and Installation of KOMTRAX terminal assembly.................................907 Removal and installation of monitor assembly..........................................908 Removal and installation of pump controller...........................................909 90 Diagrams and drawings..........................................................................911 Hydraulic diagrams and drawings...............................................................911 Hydraulic diagrams and drawings...........................................................913 Hydraulic circuit diagram.................................................................913 90 Diagrams and drawings..........................................................................917 Electrical diagrams and drawings..............................................................917 Electrical circuit diagram (1/6)..........................................................919 Electrical circuit diagram (2/6)..........................................................921 Electrical circuit diagram (3/6)..........................................................923 Electrical circuit diagram (4/6)..........................................................925 Electrical circuit diagram (5/6)..........................................................927 Electrical circuit diagram (6/6)..........................................................929
DESCRIPTION:
KOMATSU GALEO PC450-7E0 PC450LC-7E0 HYDRAULIC EXCAVATOR SHOP MANUAL – PDF DOWNLOAD
General precautions
1) Before carrying out any greasing or repairs, read all the safety plates stuck to the machine. For the locations of the safety plates and detailed explanation of precautions, see the Operation and Maintenance Manual.
2) Decide a place in the repair workshop to keep tools and removed parts. Always keep the tools and parts in their correct places. Always keep the work area clean and make sure that there is no dirt, water, or oil on the floor. Smoke only in the areas provided for smoking. Never smoke while working.
3) When carrying out any operation, always wear safety shoes and helmet. Do not wear loose work clothes, or clothes with buttons missing.
A. Always wear safety glasses when hitting parts with a hammer.
B. Always wear safety glasses when grinding parts with a grinder, etc.
4) When carrying out any operation with 2 or more workers, always agree on the operating procedure before starting. Always inform your fellow workers before starting any step of the operation. Before starting work, hang UNDER REPAIR signs in the operator’s compartment.
5) Only qualified workers must carry out work and operation which require license or qualification.
6) Keep all tools in good condition, learn the correct way to use them, and use the proper ones of them. Before starting work, thoroughly check the tools, machine, forklift, service car, etc.
7) If welding repairs are needed, always have a trained and experienced welder carry out the work. When carrying out welding work, always wear welding gloves, apron, shielding goggles, cap and other clothes suited for welding work.
8) Before starting work, warm up your body thoroughly to start work under good condition.
S.S 31/12/24
